Sierra Leone has urgently alerted other states in the region after three industrial trawlers escaped detention in Freetown port. The Jian Mei 1, Jian Mei 4 and Hong Chang 1 had been sanctioned for violating national laws and regulations. Instead of paying their fines, the vessels have fled the country. A regional search has been launched to locate the fugitive vessels and return them to Sierra Leone to face justice.

Illegal fishing is a serious issue in West Africa, with trawlers devastating marine ecosystems and undermining local, small-scale fisheries industries that are critical sources of jobs and food security in the region. In Sierra Leone, fisheries provide 9% of the economy, providing tens of thousands of jobs and the country’s main source of animal protein. These plentiful coastal waters are sadly a target for illegal foreign trawlers.

Over recent months, authorities arrested and sanctioned three trawlers—Jian Mei 1, Jian Mei 4 and Hong Chang 1. Each had been documented by local fishers apparently operating in inshore waters where industrial trawling is banned. They were being held in Freetown port while the government awaited the payment of fines. However, on 27 July all three escaped port without paying. Authorities say they are unaware of their location and have appealed to neighbouring states to help locate and return the vessels.

The nationality of the vessel owners has not been verified, though China Dialogue Ocean estimate that 75% of trawlers in Sierra Leone are connected to China. The role of Chinese vessels in West Africa has been under increasing scrutiny in recent months, with Chinese industrial trawlers making controversial efforts to fish in Senegal, Ghana and Liberia, in the face of opposition from local fishing associations.

In letters announcing the escape, Sierra Leone’s Minister of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Emma Kowa-Jalloh, said the vessels “were under arrest for infringing the laws and regulations of Sierra Leone [and] have left the country on the 27^th July 2020 illegally without fulfilling the relevant sanctions levied on them.”

The Executive Director of the Environmental Justice Foundation, Steve Trent, said: “This incident serves to demonstrate the need for greater transparency in global fisheries, including a mandatory global record of fishing vessels to prevent such fugitive vessels simply changing their identity and applying to fish in another country. It is critical that governments across West Africa work together to identify where the vessels have fled to and ensure their return to Sierra Leone to face justice.”

Editors’ Notes:

• The UN Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that fisheries contributes 9.1% to Sierra Leone’s economy. There are an estimated 7,395 artisanal canoes employing 44,000 Sierra Leoneans. Many more are involved in fish processing and distribution.
• It is estimated that Chinese vessels account for 75% of Sierra Leone’s industrial fleet.
• The escape of the three vessels comes after three other countries in the region have faced high-profile decisions on whether or not to license foreign trawlers:
  • In Senegal, 52 vessels applied for licenses in April, which would have put an enormous strain on local marine resources. In a victory for local fishers and sustainable fishing, these were rejected by the government on World Oceans Day.
• In Ghana, three new trawlers from China still await a decision from the government, and local canoe fishers have stated their serious concerns.
• In Liberia, six Chinese supertrawlers arrived in June and have applied for licenses to fish despite the opposition of small-scale fishing groups.