This briefing details EJF’s ongoing observations and analysis of the Government of Indonesia's (GOI) monitoring, control, and surveillance (MCS) mechanisms, aimed at detecting, investigating, and prosecuting incidences of IUU fishing, as well as associated human rights abuses, forced labour, and human trafficking. It provides comprehensive recommendations for GOI agencies to address identified gaps within these mechanisms, focusing on issues arising during both at-sea patrols and port-side vessel inspections. Additional fisheries regulatory analysis highlights gaps in implementation and law enforcement.